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Relationships between behavioral symptoms of non‐medicated C hinese children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and parenting stress: Comparison of different subtypes and comorbidities
Author(s) -
Li Yan,
Jiang WenQing,
Du YaSong,
Coghill David
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
asia‐pacific psychiatry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.654
H-Index - 21
eISSN - 1758-5872
pISSN - 1758-5864
DOI - 10.1111/appy.12213
Subject(s) - impulsivity , attention deficit hyperactivity disorder , conduct disorder , psychology , clinical psychology , attention deficit
To identify the characteristics of behavior problems among children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) and their relation with parenting stress. Methods The C onners P arent S ymptom Q uestionnaire ( PSQ ) and P arenting S tress I ndex ( PSI ) were used to assess the symptoms and parenting stress of 132 non‐medicated children with ADHD as compared with 88 healthy controls. Results Every PSQ factor of ADHD children was higher than in the control group; children with the combined subtype of ADHD had the highest scores in conduct and learning problems, impulsivity/hyperactivity, and overall hyperactivity index; the PSI total stress, child domain, and parent domain scores were all higher in the ADHD group than in the control group; children with the combined subtype of ADHD had the highest score in the competence subscale of the parent domain, whereas the PSI total stress score of parents of children with ADHD and comorbid oppositional defiant disorder ( ODD ) was higher than that of parents of children with only ADHD . The PSI total stress score was positively correlated with all PSQ factor scores. The PSQ factors of conduct problems and learning problems were found to be significant predictors in a regression analysis. Discussion The children with ADHD exhibited abnormal parenting stress compared with healthy controls, which was much more pronounced when the children had comorbid ODD . Furthermore, parenting stress was related with the severity of ADHD symptoms, suggesting that children with the combined subtype of ADHD require particular attention in the future.