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Prospective memory deficits in euthymic bipolar disorder patients: A preliminary study
Author(s) -
Zhou JingJing,
Xiang YuTao,
Wang ChuanYue,
Zhou FuChun,
Ungvari Gabor S.,
Dickerson Faith,
Chiu Helen F.K.,
Lai Kelly Y.C.,
Shum David H.K.,
Lee Edwin,
Au Raymond W.C.,
Tang WaiKwong,
Man David
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
asia‐pacific psychiatry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.654
H-Index - 21
eISSN - 1758-5872
pISSN - 1758-5864
DOI - 10.1111/appy.12019
Subject(s) - prospective memory , retrospective memory , prospective cohort study , psychology , wisconsin card sorting test , wechsler adult intelligence scale , wechsler memory scale , audiology , psychiatry , cognition , childhood memory , medicine , episodic memory , neuropsychology
Prospective memory refers to the ability to remember to do something in the future. To date, little is known about prospective memory deficits in bipolar disorder ( BD ) in remission (euthymia). This study examined the nature and correlates of prospective memory in these patients. Methods Forty‐seven euthymic BD patients and 47 matched healthy controls formed the study sample. Socio‐demographic and basic clinical characteristics, prospective memory ( C ambridge P rospective M emory T est [ CAMPROMPT ]), retrospective memory (immediate L ogical M emory subtests of the W echsler M emory S cales‐Revised [ WMS ‐ R ]), IQ ( R aven's P rogressive M atrices) and executive functioning ( W isconsin C ard S orting T est) were measured in all participants; patients' symptoms were rated with the 17‐item H amilton D epression R ating S cale and the 11‐item Y oung M ania R ating S cale. Results Patients performed significantly worse on time‐based prospective memory compared to controls. Multivariate analyses revealed that patients' lower score on R aven's P rogressive M atrices significantly contributed to poor performance on time‐based prospective memory, whereas lower scores on WMS ‐ R L ogical M emory subtest contributed to poor performance on event‐based prospective memory; in controls, lower education level and older age significantly contributed to poor performance on time‐based and event‐based prospective memory, respectively. Discussion Prospective memory deficits persist in remitted BD patients suggesting that prospective memory impairment constitutes a trait deficit in BD .