Disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis postmorcellated resection of uterine leiomyomatous tissue

In a retrospective review, we identified six cases of disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis ( DPL ) that occurred after resection for uterine leiomyoma(ta) using a morcellation procedure between 2010 and 2016. DPL occurred in less than 1% of all patients who underwent a prior hysterectomy with morcellation, and DPL never occurred without having underwent such a resection. The median age of women at the time of their original resection of uterine tissue was 38.6 years; the median time interval until resection of DPL after the primary morcellation procedure was 73 months and the median age was 48 years. At the time of DPL resection, a median of 6.5 individual lesions was present per patient, with each lesion having a median size of 1.2 cm in the greatest dimension. The most common peritoneal sites of involvement included the sigmoid colon serosa, right pelvis/pelvic side wall, and anterior abdominal parietal peritoneum. The same parameters are described for previously reported cases of DPL in the literature developing after a morcellated resection of uterine leiomyoma(ta). The use of morcellating hysterectomy specimens with leiomyomata may lead to the development of DPL by seeding, may involve numerous peritoneal sites, and often presents 2 years after the original resection.