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Clustering of Lifestyle Risk Factors in Acute Coronary Syndrome: Prevalence and Change after the First Event
Author(s) -
Monzani Dario,
D'Addario Marco,
Fattirolli Francesco,
Giannattasio Cristina,
Greco Andrea,
Quarenghi Francesco,
Steca Patrizia
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
applied psychology: health and well‐being
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.276
H-Index - 31
eISSN - 1758-0854
pISSN - 1758-0846
DOI - 10.1111/aphw.12141
Subject(s) - anxiety , medicine , acute coronary syndrome , depression (economics) , psychological intervention , cluster (spacecraft) , rehabilitation , perception , physical therapy , psychiatry , psychology , myocardial infarction , neuroscience , computer science , economics , macroeconomics , programming language
Background Healthy lifestyles are modifiable risk factors for acute coronary syndrome ( ACS ) onset and recurrence. While unhealthy lifestyles tend to cluster together within the general healthy population, little is known about the prevalence and clustering of these behaviours in people with ACS before and after the first acute event. The aim of this study was to identify lifestyle profiles of patients with ACS and to explore their change after their first coronary event. Methods Three hundred and fifty‐six patients completed self‐report measures of healthy habits at the beginning of cardiac rehabilitation and 6 months later. By adopting a person‐oriented approach, we analysed lifestyle clustering and its change over time. Differences in depression, anxiety, and negative illness perception among lifestyle profiles were assessed. Results We identified seven profiles, ranging from more maladaptive to healthier clusters. Findings showed a strong interrelation among unhealthy habits in patients. We highlighted a moderate individual and group stability of cluster membership over time. Moreover, unhealthier lifestyle profiles were associated with higher levels of depression, anxiety, and negative illness perception. Conclusion These results may have implications for the development and implementation of multimodal interventions addressing wider‐ranging improvement in lifestyles by targeting multiple unhealthy behaviours in patients with ACS .