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Training‐induced anti‐atherosclerotic effects are associated with increased vascular PPAR gamma expression in apolipoprotein E‐deficient mice
Author(s) -
Szostak J.,
MiguetAlfonsi C.,
Berthelot A.,
Laurant P.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
acta physiologica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.591
H-Index - 116
eISSN - 1748-1716
pISSN - 1748-1708
DOI - 10.1111/apha.12615
Subject(s) - apolipoprotein b , medicine , apolipoprotein e , endocrinology , cholesterol , disease
Aim Physical exercise prevents cardiovascular risk and atherosclerosis lesions. However, the molecular aspects are still unknown. Vascular peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors ( PPAR s) exert anti‐atherogenic effects. The aim of this study was to determine whether exercise‐induced anti‐atherosclerotic effect is associated with change in PPAR s vascular expression in apolipoprotein E‐deficient (ApoE −/− ) mice. Methods Male ApoE −/− mice were fed with a high‐fat diet and randomized into two groups: one trained group undergoing swimming training for 3 months and one sedentary group. Sedentary and trained C57 BL /6J mice were used as control. mRNA of PPAR ‐ α , PPAR ‐ β / δ and PPAR ‐ γ was measured in aorta by quantitative PCR . mRNA of pro‐ ( TNF ‐ α , IL ‐1 β ) and anti‐inflammatory ( IL ‐10, IL ‐1Ra) cytokines was also measured. Results Atherosclerotic lesion size was significantly reduced in trained ApoE −/− mice compared to sedentary ones. In contrast, reduction of atherosclerotic lesion size was not observed in trained ApoE −/− mice supplied with BADGE , an antagonist of PPAR ‐ γ . Exercise training significantly increased PPAR ‐ γ expression in aorta. PPAR ‐ γ expression was inversely correlated with the atherosclerotic plaque area. Aortic PPAR ‐ α and PPAR ‐ β / δ mRNA expressions were not changed in response to exercise training. Atherosclerosis increased the aortic mRNA expression of TNF ‐ α , IL ‐1 β , IL ‐10 and IL ‐1Ra. Exercise training decreased aortic IL ‐1 β mRNA expression in ApoE −/− mice, but did not change expression of TNF ‐ α , IL ‐10 and IL ‐1Ra. IL ‐1 β mRNA expression was also significantly lower in atherosclerosis lesions from trained ApoE −/− compared with those from sedentary ones. Conclusions Exercise training increases vascular PPAR ‐ γ expression in ApoE −/− mice that could potentially underlie training‐related beneficial effects on atherosclerosis.