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Galanin modulates human and murine neutrophil activation in vitro
Author(s) -
Sternberg F.,
Lang A. A.,
Koller A.,
Lang R.,
Bianchini R.,
Kofler B.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
acta physiologica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.591
H-Index - 116
eISSN - 1748-1716
pISSN - 1748-1708
DOI - 10.1111/apha.12444
Subject(s) - galanin , receptor , granulocyte , innate immune system , bone marrow , immunology , inflammation , receptor expression , biology , immune system , endocrinology , medicine , neuropeptide
Aims Polymorphonuclear neutrophils are key players in innate immunity. The innate immune system needs to be tightly controlled to ensure proper activation but also no overactivation. Galanin has been shown to regulate inflammatory reactions, and therefore, we aimed to elucidate the expression of galanin and its three receptors ( GAL 1 ‐ GAL 3 ) in polymorphonuclear neutrophils and to evaluate whether galanin exerts direct or indirect effects on human and murine polymorphonuclear neutrophils. Methods Human peripheral polymorphonuclear neutrophils were isolated from fresh blood of healthy donors, and murine polymorphonuclear neutrophils were isolated from bone marrow of C57 BL /6N mice. Gene expression was evaluated by qRT ‐ PCR . As a marker for polymorphonuclear neutrophil activation, CD 11b integrin surface expression was measured by FACS analysis. Furthermore, a label‐free technology measuring ligand‐induced dynamic mass redistribution was used to evaluate the response of polymorphonuclear neutrophils to galanin. Results GAL 2 receptor expression was found in both human and murine polymorphonuclear neutrophils, galanin and GAL 3 receptor were exclusively expressed in murine bone marrow polymorphonuclear neutrophils, and GAL 1 receptor was not detectable in polymorphonuclear neutrophils of either species. Galanin treatment was not able to induce CD 11b integrin surface expression or dynamic mass redistribution in human polymorphonuclear neutrophils and murine bone marrow polymorphonuclear neutrophils. However, galanin treatment significantly enhanced the response of polymorphonuclear neutrophils of both species to interleukin‐8. Conclusion Galanin can be regarded as an immunomodulatory peptide as it can sensitize polymorphonuclear neutrophils towards pro‐inflammatory cytokines in humans and mice.