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Chromium chloride increases insulin‐stimulated glucose uptake in the perfused rat hindlimb
Author(s) -
Doerner P. G.,
Liao Y.H.,
Ding Z.,
Wang W.,
Ivy J. L.,
Bernard J. R.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
acta physiologica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.591
H-Index - 116
eISSN - 1748-1716
pISSN - 1748-1708
DOI - 10.1111/apha.12375
Subject(s) - glut4 , insulin , medicine , chromium , endocrinology , skeletal muscle , glucose uptake , chemistry , glucose transporter , hindlimb , biology , organic chemistry
Aim To determine the effect of chromium chloride (CrCl 3 ) on healthy skeletal muscle glucose uptake in the absence and presence of submaximal insulin using the rat hindlimb perfusion technique. Methods Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly assigned to an experimental group: basal (Bas), chromium chloride (Cr), submaximal insulin ( sI ns) or chromium chloride plus submaximal insulin (Cr‐ sI ns). Results Insulin significantly increased [H 3 ]‐2 deoxyglucose (2‐DG) uptake in the gastrocnemius muscles. Additionally, Cr‐ sI ns displayed greater rates of 2‐DG uptake than sI ns (Cr‐ sI ns 6.86 ± 0.74 μ mol g h −1 vs. sI ns 4.83 ± 0.42 μ mol g h −1 ). There was no difference between Cr and Bas treatment groups. It has been speculated that chromium works to increase glucose uptake by increasing insulin signalling. We found that Akt and AS160 phosphorylation was increased in the sINS treatment group, while chromium treatment had no additional effect on Akt or AS160 phosphorylation in the absence or presence of insulin. Cr‐ sI ns significantly increased plasma membrane GLUT4 concentration above that of sI ns (Cr‐ sI ns 72.22 ± 12.7%, sI ns 53.4 ± 6.1%), but in the absence of insulin, chromium had no effect. Conclusion Exposure of healthy skeletal muscle to chromium may increase skeletal muscle insulin‐stimulated GLUT 4 translocation and glucose uptake. However, these effects do not appear to result from enhanced insulin signalling proximal to AS 160.