Premium
Determinants of migration from ASEAN ‐3 into M alaysia
Author(s) -
Jajri Idris,
Ismail Rahmah
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
asian‐pacific economic literature
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.232
H-Index - 21
eISSN - 1467-8411
pISSN - 0818-9935
DOI - 10.1111/apel.12072
Subject(s) - distributed lag , immigration , unemployment , wage , economics , exchange rate , gross domestic product , unemployment rate , demographic economics , product (mathematics) , panel data , autoregressive model , labour economics , econometrics , monetary economics , macroeconomics , geography , geometry , mathematics , archaeology
Migration theory advances several reasons for migration, which can be categorised into two groups: push factors and pull factors. Push factors include the economic performance of the emigrating country, whereas the pull factors include performance in the destination country. The latter include gross domestic product, job creation, the unemployment rate, education level, and wage rate. This paper examines the determinants of immigration from the A ssociation of S outheast A sian N ations ( ASEAN )‐3, namely I ndonesia, T hailand, and the P hilippines, into M alaysia. The analysis is based on panel data of 1990–2008 using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag approach. The results show that the main determinants of this migration flow are the real wage ratio among the ASEAN ‐3 and M alaysia, the unemployment rate in the source countries, and the real exchange rate ratio between the ASEAN ‐3 and M alaysia.