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Detailed knowledge of maternal and infant factors and human milk composition could inform recommendations for optimal composition
Author(s) -
Demmelmair Hans,
Koletzko Berthold
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
acta paediatrica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.772
H-Index - 115
eISSN - 1651-2227
pISSN - 0803-5253
DOI - 10.1111/apa.16174
Subject(s) - breastfeeding , composition (language) , medicine , infant nutrition , breast milk , infant feeding , infant formula , food science , breast feeding , milk fat , physiology , environmental health , pediatrics , biochemistry , population , biology , research methodology , philosophy , linguistics , linseed oil
Breastfeeding is best for infants, but quantitative associations between specific milk components and infant biomarkers remain unclear. Methodological limitations include missing milk volume intake, variable milk composition and that standardised, fasted state blood sampling is impossible in infants. Milk protein and fat content appear marginally related to infant serum amino acid and phospholipid concentrations, with some association between milk fatty acid composition and lipid species levels. Conclusion Detailed simultaneous examinations of maternal factors, milk composition and infant biomarkers or outcomes could identify the mechanistic basis of human milk effects and help develop dietary recommendations for optimal human milk composition.