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Cognitive profiles of extremely preterm children: Full‐Scale IQ hides strengths and weaknesses
Author(s) -
F. Kaul Ylva,
Johansson Martin,
Månsson Johanna,
Stjernqvist Karin,
Farooqi Aijaz,
Serenius Fredrik,
B. Thorell Lisa
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
acta paediatrica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.772
H-Index - 115
eISSN - 1651-2227
pISSN - 0803-5253
DOI - 10.1111/apa.15776
Subject(s) - strengths and weaknesses , cognition , wechsler adult intelligence scale , intelligence quotient , wechsler preschool and primary scale of intelligence , medicine , cohort , clinical psychology , developmental psychology , population , wechsler intelligence scale for children , psychology , psychiatry , environmental health , social psychology
Aim To study whether a specific cognitive profile can be identified for children born extremely preterm (EPT) by investigating: 1) strengths and weaknesses not revealed by Full‐Scale IQ, 2) overlap between different cognitive deficits and 3) proportion of EPT children with multiple deficits. Methods We analysed data from the 4 th version of Wechsler Intelligence Scales for Children in EPT children ( n = 359) and matched controls ( n = 367), collected within the 6.5‐year follow‐up of a population‐based prospective cohort study. Results Extremely preterm children performed worse than controls on all measures. Group differences were the largest in Perceptual Reasoning (PRI) and Working Memory (WMI), but differences between indices were small. However, when conducting categorical analyses, deficits in PRI and/or WMI were not more common than other combinations. Many EPT children had no or mild cognitive deficits, although often in multiple domains. Conclusion Extremely preterm children had greater weaknesses in working memory and perceptual abilities. However, detailed analyses of cognitive subscales showed large heterogeneity and provided no support for a specific cognitive profile. In conclusion, Full‐Scale IQ scores hide strengths and weaknesses and individual profiles for EPT children need to be considered in order to provide appropriate support.