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Body mass index trajectories up to preschool age in a multi‐ethnic population; relations with maternal gestational diabetes, BMI and gestational weight gain
Author(s) -
Toftemo Ingun,
Jenum Anne Karen,
Sletner Line
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
acta paediatrica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.772
H-Index - 115
eISSN - 1651-2227
pISSN - 0803-5253
DOI - 10.1111/apa.15637
Subject(s) - medicine , body mass index , weight gain , gestational diabetes , obesity , pregnancy , birth weight , obstetrics , offspring , population , gestational age , overweight , gestation , cohort study , pediatrics , body weight , environmental health , biology , genetics
Aim Independent effects of gestational diabetes (GDM), maternal prepregnant obesity and gestational weight gain on offspring BMI and obesity are scarcely documented. We examined associations between GDM and children's BMI trajectories from birth to 4‐5 years age, and effects of prepregnant obesity and gestational weight gain not mediated through GDM. Methods We included 734 children from a population‐based, multi‐ethnic cohort of women and their offspring followed from early pregnancy. All women were screened for GDM. Using linear mixed models, we explored associations between maternal factors and children's BMI development through seven serial measurements. Results At birth and age 4‐5 years, BMI of children exposed to GDM was similar to those not exposed. However, they had slower BMI growth (B = −0.1 BMI units/month (95% CI: −0.17, −0.04)) during first 6 months, and faster BMI growth from 6 months to 4‐5 years. Maternal prepregnant obesity was associated with higher child BMI at birth, and thereafter persistently higher BMI. High gestational weight gain was associated with faster BMI growth from 6 months to 4‐5 years. Conclusion Effects of maternal GDM, prepregnant obesity, and gestational weight gain on children's BMI and BMI trajectories from birth to preschool age differed in relation to effect size, timing and direction.