Premium
Cholestasis after very preterm birth was associated with adverse neonatal outcomes but no significant long‐term liver disease: A population‐based study
Author(s) -
Teng Jonas,
Bohlin Kajsa,
Nemeth Antal,
Fischler Björn
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
acta paediatrica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.772
H-Index - 115
eISSN - 1651-2227
pISSN - 0803-5253
DOI - 10.1111/apa.15408
Subject(s) - medicine , retinopathy of prematurity , bronchopulmonary dysplasia , cholestasis , gestational age , neonatal cholestasis , pediatrics , population , small for gestational age , necrotizing enterocolitis , gastroenterology , obstetrics , pregnancy , biliary atresia , liver transplantation , genetics , transplantation , environmental health , biology
Aim To describe outcome linked to neonatal cholestasis in a defined cohort of very preterm infants. Methods Population‐based retrospective case‐control study of preterm infants, gestational age <30 weeks, surviving for 28 days, in Stockholm County. Cholestasis was defined as conjugated bilirubin ≥30 μmol/L exceeding 20% of total level at least twice and graded as high if exceeding 100 μmol/L. Cholestatic cases were matched on gestational week with two non‐cholestatic controls. Results The incidence rate of cholestasis was 37/250 (14.8%), with increasing rates in lower gestational weeks. Perinatal factors associated with cholestasis were pre‐eclampsia and being born small for gestational age. Cholestatic infants had three times more bronchopulmonary dysplasia and eight times more retinopathy of prematurity. The mortality was 13.5% in cholestatic infants versus 2.7% in controls ( P = .040). All deceased cholestatic infants had high‐grade cholestasis. No surviving infants developed chronic liver disease by 10 years of age. Conclusion Cholestasis was common in very preterm infants and linked to disease severity and adverse outcome. Cholestasis may be an independent risk factor for bronchopulmonary dysplasia and retinopathy of prematurity and more severe cholestasis associated with increased mortality. Cholestasis was not associated with chronic liver disease later in childhood.