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Closed loop automated oxygen control in neonates—A review
Author(s) -
Sturrock Sarah,
Williams Emma,
Dassios Theodore,
Greenough Anne
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
acta paediatrica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.772
H-Index - 115
eISSN - 1651-2227
pISSN - 0803-5253
DOI - 10.1111/apa.15089
Subject(s) - medicine , oxygen saturation , oxygen , closed loop , observational study , oxygen delivery , oxygen toxicity , pediatrics , intensive care medicine , chemistry , organic chemistry , control engineering , engineering , lung
Aim Neonates frequently require supplementary oxygen but may develop complications if the oxygen saturation is outside the target range. This review aimed to determine whether the algorithms used in closed loop automated oxygen control systems influenced their efficacy and whether use of the systems reduced relevant, long‐term neonatal complications. Methods A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar. The search terms were ‘closed loop’ or ‘automat*’, ‘oxygen’ and ‘neonat*’. Results Eighteen studies were identified: sixteen comparison clinical studies, an observational study and an animal study. Overall, closed loop automated oxygen control was associated with an increased percentage of time spent within the target oxygen saturation range and there were fewer manual adjustments to the inspired oxygen concentration when compared with manual oxygen control. The systems were effective in infants on non‐invasive respiratory support or mechanically ventilated, but no study included term‐born infants. No long‐term data were available to determine if complications of oxygen toxicity were reduced. Conclusion Closed loop automated oxygen control has been shown in short term trials including preterm and low birth weight infants to improve target saturation achievement. Whether long‐term outcomes will be improved with their use requires investigation.