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Extreme prematurity, treated retinopathy, bronchopulmonary dysplasia and cerebral palsy are significant risk factors for ophthalmological abnormalities at 6.5 years of age
Author(s) -
Hellström Ann,
Källén Karin,
Carlsson Birgitta,
Holmström Gerd,
Jakobsson Peter,
Lundgren Pia,
Serenius Fredrik,
Stjernqvist Karin,
Tornqvist Kristina,
Hellgren Kerstin
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
acta paediatrica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.772
H-Index - 115
eISSN - 1651-2227
pISSN - 0803-5253
DOI - 10.1111/apa.14206
Subject(s) - medicine , retinopathy of prematurity , bronchopulmonary dysplasia , cerebral palsy , pediatrics , gestational age , strabismus , risk factor , univariate analysis , prospective cohort study , population , multivariate analysis , pregnancy , surgery , physical therapy , genetics , environmental health , biology
Aim This study evaluated the contributions of various prenatal and postnatal predictive factors to a documented high prevalence of ophthalmological abnormalities in children aged 6.5 years who were born extremely preterm. Methods We carried out a prospective population‐based study of all children born in Sweden at a gestational age of 22 + 0 to 26 + 6 weeks based on the Extremely Preterm Infants in Sweden Study. The main outcome measures were a combined score of visual impairment, refractive errors and strabismus at 6.5 years of age. Models of univariate and multivariable regression were used to analyse potential prenatal and postnatal predictive factors at different clinically relevant time‐points from one minute after birth to 30 months. Results We focused on 399 known extremely preterm survivors and compared them to 300 full‐term controls. Significant antecedents for ophthalmological abnormalities included prematurity per se , retinopathy of prematurity that required treatment, severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia and cerebral palsy. Severe intraventricular haemorrhage was no longer a significant risk factor when we adjusted it for the 30‐month cognitive and neuromotor development outcomes. Conclusion This time‐course risk analysis model showed a changing panorama of significant risk factors for ophthalmological abnormalities in children aged 6.5 years who were born extremely preterm.