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National cohort study showed that infants with Down's syndrome faced a high risk of hospitalisation for the respiratory syncytial virus
Author(s) -
Grut Viktor,
Söderström Lars,
Naumburg Estelle
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
acta paediatrica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.772
H-Index - 115
eISSN - 1651-2227
pISSN - 0803-5253
DOI - 10.1111/apa.13937
Subject(s) - medicine , hazard ratio , confidence interval , pediatrics , proportional hazards model , cohort , cohort study , retrospective cohort study
Aim The respiratory syncytial virus ( RSV ) is a leading cause of hospitalisation in infants. We investigated this risk in children with Down's syndrome under two years of age, adjusted for other known risk factors. Methods This national, retrospective 1:2 matched cohort study comprised all Swedish children born with Down's from 2006 to 2011, who were each randomly matched to two controls without Down's. Data on RSV hospitalisation and risk factors for RSV were obtained from national registers. The risk of RSV hospitalisation was assessed using multivariable Cox regression with pairwise stratification. Results The study comprised 814 children with Down's and 1628 controls. We found that 82 children with Down's (10.1%) and 22 controls (1.4%) were hospitalised for RSV . The hazard ratio for children with Down's was 4.00 (95% confidence interval 1.58–10.13) for up to one year of age and 6.60 (95% CI: 2.83–15.38) for up to two years of age, adjusted for other risk factors. During the second year of life, RSV hospitalisation continued for children with Down's, while it was minimal for the controls. Conclusion Children with Down's faced a high risk of RSV hospitalisation, which continued beyond the first year of age.