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Systematic review indicates postnatal growth in term infants born small‐for‐gestational‐age being associated with later neurocognitive and metabolic outcomes
Author(s) -
CastanysMuñoz Esther,
Kennedy Kathy,
CastañedaGutiérrez Eurídice,
Forsyth Stewart,
Godfrey Keith M.,
Koletzko Berthold,
Ozanne Susan E.,
Rueda Ricardo,
Schoemaker Marieke,
Beek Eline M.,
Buuren Stef,
Ong Ken K.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
acta paediatrica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.772
H-Index - 115
eISSN - 1651-2227
pISSN - 0803-5253
DOI - 10.1111/apa.13868
Subject(s) - neurocognitive , medicine , small for gestational age , weight gain , pediatrics , observational study , gestational age , insulin resistance , birth weight , affect (linguistics) , metabolic syndrome , pregnancy , insulin , obesity , endocrinology , cognition , body weight , psychiatry , psychology , communication , biology , genetics
We systematically reviewed papers published in English between 1994 and October 2015 on how postnatal weight gain and growth affect neurodevelopment and metabolic outcomes in term‐born small‐for‐gestational‐age ( SGA ) infants. Two randomised trials reported that enriched infant formulas that promoted early growth also increased fat mass, lean mass and blood pressure (BP), but had no effect on early neurocognitive outcomes. Meanwhile, 31 observational studies reported consistent positive associations between postnatal weight gain and growth with neurocognitive outcomes, adiposity, insulin resistance and BP. Conclusion: Few intervention studies exist, despite consistent positive associations between early growth and neurocognition in term‐born SGA infants.