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Cytomegalovirus retinitis in HIV‐negative patients – associated conditions, clinical presentation, diagnostic methods and treatment strategy
Author(s) -
Shapira Yi,
Mimouni Michael,
VishnevskiaDai Vicktoria
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
acta ophthalmologica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.534
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1755-3768
pISSN - 1755-375X
DOI - 10.1111/aos.13553
Subject(s) - retinitis , cytomegalovirus retinitis , medicine , cytomegalovirus , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , presentation (obstetrics) , aids related opportunistic infections , virology , pediatrics , intensive care medicine , immunology , human cytomegalovirus , viral disease , sida , virus , surgery , herpesviridae
In recent years, numerous reports have tied cytomegalovirus retinitis ( CMVR ) with multiple systemic conditions in the absence of human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV ) or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). These range from reports in apparently healthy individuals, through conditions rendering limited immune dysfunction such as advanced age and diabetes mellitus, and finally severe immune dysfunction such as in haematological and rheumatological conditions. Reports are also emerging, suggesting that induced local ocular immunosuppression is a risk factor for CMVR . We herein present a comprehensive collection of the accumulated findings regarding CMVR in non‐ HIV patients. We summarize the spectrum of underlying morbidity that has been associated with CMVR , its clinical presentation, diagnostic methods and treatment choice in the attempt to suggest the optimal treatment strategy in this complicated and diverse patient population which is still currently lacking a consensus.