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Diabetic retinopathy and its risk factors in a society with a type 2 diabetes epidemic: a S audi N ational D iabetes R egistry‐based study
Author(s) -
AlRubeaan Khalid,
Abu ElAsrar Ahmed M.,
Youssef Amira M.,
Subhani Shazia N.,
Ahmad Najlaa A.,
AlSharqawi Ahmad H.,
Alguwaihes Abdullah,
Alotaibi Metib S.,
AlGhamdi Ali,
Ibrahim Heba M.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
acta ophthalmologica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.534
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1755-3768
pISSN - 1755-375X
DOI - 10.1111/aos.12532
Subject(s) - medicine , diabetic retinopathy , retinopathy , diabetes mellitus , type 2 diabetes , odds ratio , nephropathy , cohort , risk factor , endocrinology
Purpose To assess diabetic retinopathy prevalence and its risk factors in a society with type 2 diabetes epidemic using the S audi N ational D iabetes R egistry ( SNDR ). Method This is a cross‐sectional study using patient's clinical data found in SNDR data base. A cohort of 50 464 S audi patients with type 2 diabetes aged ≥25 years were selected to assess for the prevalence and risk factors for diabetic retinopathy. Results The overall prevalence of diabetic retinopathy is 19.7%, where 9.1% have non‐proliferative diabetic retinopathy ( NPDR ), 10.6% have proliferative diabetic retinopathy ( PDR ) and 5.7% have macular oedema ( ME ). Duration of diabetes and age are the most significant risk factors for diabetic retinopathy with odds ratio ( OR ) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI ) 8.88 (8.30–9.50) and 5.76 (5.10–6.55), respectively. Nephropathy, neuropathy, insulin use, poor glycemic control, hypertension and male gender significantly increased the risk for diabetic retinopathy. Smoking, hyperlipidemia and obesity significantly reduced the risk for diabetic retinopathy among type 2 S audi diabetic cohort. Conclusion vThe low prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in our registry may be a result of the shortage or absence of well‐structured screening programmes. Therefore, many patients with NPDR might have been missed. A prevention programme is needed to reduce the effect of diabetic retinopathy risk factors in this society.