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The Potential Application of Pulsed Ultrasound on Bone Defect Repair via Developmental Engineering: An In Vitro Study
Author(s) -
Wang Jue,
Tang Na,
Xiao Qiang,
Zhao Lixing,
Li Yu,
Li Juan,
Wang Jun,
Zhao Zhihe,
Tan Lijun
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
artificial organs
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.684
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1525-1594
pISSN - 0160-564X
DOI - 10.1111/aor.12578
Subject(s) - endochondral ossification , chondrogenesis , mesenchymal stem cell , biomedical engineering , stem cell , microbiology and biotechnology , tissue engineering , intramembranous ossification , bone marrow stem cell , chemistry , bone marrow , cartilage , anatomy , medicine , biology , pathology
Repairing bone defect by recapitulation of endochondral bone formation, known as developmental engineering, has been a promising approach in bone tissue engineering. The critical issue in this area is how to effectively construct the hypertrophic cartilaginous template in vitro and enhance in vivo endochondral ossification process after implantation. Pulsed ultrasound stimulation has been widely used in the clinic for accelerating bone healing in fractures and nonunions. The aim of this study was to investigate whether ultrasound (US) could accelerate in vitro chondrogenesis and the hypertrophic process in certain microenvironments. Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were chondrogenic or hypertrophic differentiated in a three‐dimensional pellet culture system with different media, and treated with different intensities of US. US exposure promoted chondrogenic differentiation of stem cells and inhibited their transition into the hypertrophic stage in a chondrogenic‐friendly microenvironment. US significantly advanced hypertrophic differentiation of bone marrow stem cell pellets in hypertrophic medium after chondrogenesis. Our data indicated that pulsed US promoted in vitro chondrogenic and hypertrophic differentiation of stem cell pellets in specific culture conditions. The present study proves the potential application of US in the in vitro stage of “developmental engineering” for bone development and repair.