Open AccessThe joint role of thyroid function and iodine concentration on gestational diabetes risk in a population‐based study
Author(s) -
Bell Griffith A.,
Männistö Tuija,
Liu Aiyi,
Kannan Kurunthachalam,
Yeung Edwina H.,
Kim UnJung,
Suvanto Eila,
Surcel HeljäMarja,
Gissler Mika,
Mills James L.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
acta obstetricia et gynecologica scandinavica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.401
H-Index - 102
eISSN - 1600-0412
pISSN - 0001-6349
DOI - 10.1111/aogs.13523
Subject(s) - medicine , thyroid function , gestational diabetes , odds ratio , obstetrics , pregnancy , population , iodine deficiency , thyroglobulin , endocrinology , gestation , thyroid function tests , thyroid , environmental health , biology , genetics
Iodine is essential for thyroid function, and iodine deficiency during pregnancy is common in Europe and the USA . However, no published studies have examined the role of iodine deficiency in the relation between thyroid function and gestational diabetes mellitus ( GDM ). Material and methods We conducted a population‐based, nested case‐control study within the Finnish Maternity Cohort using pregnancy and perinatal outcome data from the Finnish Maternal Birth Register. We randomly selected 224 GDM cases with singleton pregnancies and 224 controls without GDM from all singleton births occurring in Finland during 2012‐2013. Blood was drawn at 10‐14 weeks’ gestation and analyzed for serum iodide, thyroglobulin, and thyroid‐stimulating hormone ( TSH ) concentrations. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios ( OR s) and 95% confidence intervals ( CI ) of GDM . Results Very high thyroglobulin concentration (>95% percentile; >83 μg/L) was not associated with significantly altered odds of GDM compared to those with normal levels ( OR 0.41; 95% CI : 0.12, 1.38). High concentrations of TSH were also not associated with increased odds of GDM compared to normal levels of TSH ( OR 0.45; 95% CI : 0.06, 3.18). Women in the lowest 5th percentile (<1.58 ng/mL) of iodine did not have increased odds of GDM compared to those with iodide in the highest quartile ( OR 0.39; 95% CI: 0.11, 1.35). Conclusions Low levels of iodide and thyroid function in early pregnancy are not associated with increased risk of GDM in this mildly iodine‐deficient population.