Open AccessDoes screening for Down's syndrome cause anxiety in pregnant women? A systematic review
Author(s) -
Lou Stina,
Mikkelsen Line,
Hvidman Lone,
Petersen Olav B.,
Nielsen Camilla Palmhøj
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
acta obstetricia et gynecologica scandinavica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.401
H-Index - 102
eISSN - 1600-0412
pISSN - 0001-6349
DOI - 10.1111/aogs.12482
Subject(s) - anxiety , medicine , worry , medline , meta analysis , randomized controlled trial , cinahl , psychiatry , pregnancy , clinical psychology , psychological intervention , biology , political science , law , genetics
Background Prenatal screening for Down's syndrome and other chromosomal abnormalities is included in prenatal care programs in many countries. However, the potential association between prenatal screening and maternal anxiety remains an issue of debate. Objective To systematically review and summarize the current scientific evidence on whether screening for Down's syndrome might cause anxiety in pregnant women with a negative or a false‐positive screening result. Methods Five databases (PubMed, Embase, Cinahl, PsychInfo and Cochrane) were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials or cohort studies comparing screening and no screening, or comparing different types of screening for Down's syndrome. The search was limited to studies published between September 2001 and April 2013. In all, 316 studies were identified through search of databases and 40 were included for full‐text assessment. Two observers independently screened the articles and seven studies satisfied the inclusion criteria. They were subsequently assessed for risk of bias and level of evidence. Main outcome measures Quantitative measurements of maternal anxiety or worry. Results Two studies compared anxiety in pregnant women who accepted or declined screening and showed no difference between groups. All studies described a decrease in anxiety following a screen‐negative result. Four studies reported that women's anxiety levels increased significantly upon receiving a screen‐positive result. However, after a normal diagnostic result, anxiety levels declined to the same level as for screen‐negative women. Conclusion Studies using quantitative, validated measures to estimate anxiety showed no association between screening and residual anxiety.