Open AccessEffects of dietary copper nanoparticles and vitamin C supplementations on growth performance, immune response and stress resistance of red sea bream, Pagrus major
Author(s) -
El Basuini M.F.,
ElHais A.M.,
Dawood M.A.O.,
AbouZeid A.E.S.,
ELDamrawy S.Z.,
Khalafalla M.M.E.S.,
Koshio S.,
Ishikawa M.,
Dossou S.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
aquaculture nutrition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.941
H-Index - 79
eISSN - 1365-2095
pISSN - 1353-5773
DOI - 10.1111/anu.12508
Subject(s) - pagrus major , feed conversion ratio , zoology , vitamin , biology , weight gain , body weight , vitamin e , copper , food science , vitamin c , antioxidant , medicine , chemistry , endocrinology , fish <actinopterygii> , biochemistry , fishery , organic chemistry
A 60‐day feeding trial was conducted to determine the effects of copper nanoparticles (Cu‐ NP s) and vitamin C ( VC ) on red sea bream. Besides the control diet (D1), six diets were supplemented with Cu‐ NP s and VC [0/800 (D2), 0/1,000 (D3), 0/1,200 (D4), 2/800 (D5), 2/1,000 (D6) and 2/1,200 (D7) mg Cu‐ NP s/ VC per kg]. Cu‐ NP was a significant factor on final weight ( FBW ), weight gain ( WG ) and specific growth rate ( SGR ), feed intake ( FI ), feed ( FER ) and protein efficiency ratios ( PER ), protein gain ( PG ) and protein retention ( PR ), body protein and lipid contents, protease ( PA ) and bactericidal activities ( BA ) and tolerance against stress ( LT 50%) ( p < .05). In addition, BA and LT 50% were significantly affected by either Cu‐ NP s or VC ( p < .05). Fish fed Cu‐ NP s or/and VC ‐supplemented diets showed higher FBW , WG , SGR , PG , PR , FI , PA , LA and BA values when compared with the control group ( p < .05). FER , PER and body lipid content were significantly enhanced in D4, D5, D6 and D7 groups; meanwhile, body protein and LT 50% were significantly enhanced in D5, D6 and D7 groups when compared with D1 group ( p < .05). In conclusion, dietary Cu‐ NP s or/and VC improved growth and health of red sea bream.