Effects of dietary live or heat‐inactivated autochthonous  Bacillus pumilus   SE 5 on growth performance, immune responses and immune gene expression in grouper  Epinephelus coioides | Zendy

Yan Y.Y. | Zendy; Xia H.Q. | Zendy; Yang H.L. | Zendy; Hoseinifar S.H. | Zendy; Sun Y.Z. | Zendy

Open Access

Effects of dietary live or heat‐inactivated autochthonous Bacillus pumilus SE 5 on growth performance, immune responses and immune gene expression in grouper Epinephelus coioides

Author(s) -

Yan Y.Y.,

Xia H.Q.,

Yang H.L.,

Hoseinifar S.H.,

Sun Y.Z.

Publication year - 2016

Publication title -

aquaculture nutrition

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

SCImago Journal Rank - 0.941

H-Index - 79

eISSN - 1365-2095

pISSN - 1353-5773

DOI - 10.1111/anu.12297

Subject(s) - biology , bacillus pumilus , probiotic , grouper , epinephelus , feed conversion ratio , immune system , weight gain , food science , microbiology and biotechnology , zoology , immunology , body weight , fishery , bacteria , fish <actinopterygii> , endocrinology , genetics

To evaluate the possible dietary application of live and heat‐inactivated probiotic Bacillus pumilus SE 5 in grouper Epinephelus coioides , juveniles (14.6 ± 0.2 g) were fed either a basal control diet (without probiotic) or the basal diet supplemented with 1.0 × 10 8 CFU g −1 live (T1) and heat‐inactivated B. pumilus SE 5 (T2). The heat‐inactivated probiotic significantly improved the final weight, weight gain ( WG ) and specific growth rate ( SGR ) at day 60 and significantly decreased the feed conversion ratio ( FCR ) at day 30 and 60, while the viable probiotic significantly decreased the FCR at day 60 ( P < 0.05). Phagocytic activity, serum complement C3 and IgM levels as well as SOD activity elevated significantly in fish fed the heat‐inactivated probiotic for 60 days ( P < 0.05). Furthermore, the heat‐inactivated probiotic remarkably up‐regulated expression of TLR 2 and pro‐inflammatory cytokines ( IL ‐8 and IL ‐1β) in head kidney ( P < 0.05), but the viable probiotic failed to do so. These results indicated that heat‐inactivated B. pumilus SE 5 can effectively improve the growth performance and immune responses of E. coioides .

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