Open AccessAlternative dietary protein sources for A tlantic salmon ( S almo salar L .) effect on intestinal microbiota, intestinal and liver histology and growth
Author(s) -
Hartviksen M.,
Vecino J.L.G.,
Ringø E.,
Bakke A.M.,
Wadsworth S.,
Krogdahl Å.,
Ruohonen K.,
Kettunen A.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
aquaculture nutrition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.941
H-Index - 79
eISSN - 1365-2095
pISSN - 1353-5773
DOI - 10.1111/anu.12087
Subject(s) - biology , fish meal , salmo , bacteria , food science , meal , feather meal , aeromonas salmonicida , gut flora , microbiology and biotechnology , biochemistry , fish <actinopterygii> , fishery , genetics
The present study has addressed the issue of dietary alterations on gut microbiota in fish by investigating modulation of the allochthonous and autochthonous bacterial gut community of A tlantic salmon following feeding with pea protein concentrate, soy protein concentrate, extracted sunflower, poultry by‐product and feather meal. The results revealed that total allochthonous and total autochthonous bacteria isolated from the distal intestine ( DI ) were affected by dietary modulations. Total autochthonous bacteria in proximal intestine remained unaffected. Corynebacteriaceae dominated the allochthonous bacteria and L actobacillaceae dominated the autochthonous bacteria community in proximal and DI indicating that the most abundant groups are not shifted by alternative proteins. Some variations were observed between the bacterial communities as result of dietary manipulations. Alternative protein sources resulted in no severe signs of enteritis. Vacuolization of the liver was unaffected by diet. Furthermore, addition of plant materials significantly affected production of acetic acid. Weight of pyloric‐, proximal‐ and DI was influenced by diet, especially feather meal. Growth performance was significantly affected by inclusion of feather meal to the diet. In conclusion the results showed that pea protein concentrate and poultry by‐products are suitable protein replacements for A tlantic salmon and that soy protein concentrate is a potential candidate.