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Restless legs syndrome and pregnancy: prevalence, possible pathophysiological mechanisms and treatment
Author(s) -
Gupta R.,
Dhyani M.,
Kendzerska T.,
PandiPerumal S. R.,
BaHammam A. S.,
Srivanitchapoom P.,
Pandey S.,
Hallett M.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
acta neurologica scandinavica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.967
H-Index - 95
eISSN - 1600-0404
pISSN - 0001-6314
DOI - 10.1111/ane.12520
Subject(s) - restless legs syndrome , pregnancy , medicine , preeclampsia , disease , incidence (geometry) , pathogenesis , vitamin d and neurology , pathophysiology , physiology , pediatrics , obstetrics , psychiatry , insomnia , biology , physics , optics , genetics
Restless legs syndrome ( RLS ) is a common sleep disorder that may be associated with pregnancy. Studies have found that the prevalence of RLS among pregnant women ranged from 10 to 34%. Typically, there is complete remission of symptoms soon after parturition; however, in some patients, they may continue postpartum. RLS has been shown to be associated with a number of complications in pregnancy including preeclampsia and increased incidence of Cesarean sections. Although multiple hypotheses have been proposed to explain this association, each individual hypothesis cannot completely explain the whole pathogenesis. Present understanding suggests that a strong family history, low serum iron and ferritin level, and high estrogen level during pregnancy might play important roles. Vitamin D deficiency and calcium metabolism may also play a role. Medical treatment of RLS during pregnancy is difficult and challenging considering the risks to mother and fetus. However, in some cases, the disease may be severe enough to require treatment.