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Carob attenuates nicotine‐induced oxidative stress and intratesticular damage in male rats
Author(s) -
Oztekin Unal,
Caniklioglu Mehmet,
Firat Fatih,
Atac Fatih,
Doganyigit Zuleyha,
Gocmen Ayse Yesim,
Yilmaz Seher,
Tokpinar Adem
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
andrologia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.633
H-Index - 59
eISSN - 1439-0272
pISSN - 0303-4569
DOI - 10.1111/and.13670
Subject(s) - oxidative stress , superoxide dismutase , nicotine , glutathione , catalase , glutathione peroxidase , andrology , endocrinology , medicine , antioxidant , lipid peroxidation , chemistry , biochemistry , enzyme
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of carob extract against intratesticular histological, apoptotic, biochemical and spermatogenic changes in rats exposed to nicotine. Twenty‐eight rats were divided into four groups and were administered saline, nicotine, carob, or nicotine + carob once a day for 35 days. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐PX), GSH, total anti‐oxidative status (TAS), total oxidative status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), IL‐6, TNF‐α and seminal parameters were evaluated. Johnsen's testicular histopathological examination, factor VIII protein (angiogenesis marker) and the number of apoptotic cells were determined in the testicular tissues. The spermatogenic and histopathological examination revealed that nicotine + carob group had significant positive changes in seminal parameters, Johnsen score, apoptotic cell count and factor VIII protein compared to nicotine group. Biochemical test results indicated that the nicotine + carob group had significantly lower TAS levels compared to the control group; however, those levels were higher than those of the nicotine group. Nicotine caused a significant increase in IL‐6 and TNF‐α levels compared to the control group, but carob seems to significantly counteract that increase. In conclusion, carob extract had positive effects on spermatogenesis and reduced testicular parenchymal damage, apoptosis and angiogenesis.