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Incidence of clinically symptomatic pneumothorax in ultrasound‐guided infraclavicular and supraclavicular brachial plexus block
Author(s) -
Gauss A.,
Tugtekin I.,
Georgieff M.,
DinseLambracht A.,
Keipke D.,
Gorsewski G.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
anaesthesia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.839
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1365-2044
pISSN - 0003-2409
DOI - 10.1111/anae.12586
Subject(s) - medicine , pneumothorax , brachial plexus block , ultrasound , surgery , radiology , prospective cohort study , brachial plexus , incidence (geometry) , risk factor , anesthesia , physics , optics
Summary The use of periclavicular brachial plexus block as regional anaesthesia for surgical procedures on the upper extremity is common. However, the proximity of the pleura results in a risk of pneumothorax. Without ultrasound monitoring, the pneumothorax risk has been reported to be as high as 6.1%. We conducted a prospective, observational study to examine the risk of pneumothorax in 6366 ultrasound‐guided periclavicular plexus blocks. All patients with a clinically manifest and radiologically confirmed pneumothorax were analysed. Clinically symptomatic pneumothorax occurred in four patients (0.06%; 95% CI 0.001–0.124), in three of them after a two‐day latency period. Ultrasound guidance does therefore appear to reduce the risk of pneumothorax. Although all of the anaesthesiologists involved in the complications had previously performed fewer than 20 blocks, we are not able to confirm that a block experience ≤ 20 is a significant risk factor. Faulty image‐setting, inability to obtain a view of the needle tip and inadequate supervision are likely to be important risk factors.