Premium
CD 14 polymorphisms, microbial exposure and allergic diseases: a systematic review of gene–environment interactions
Author(s) -
Lau M. Y. Z.,
Dharmage S. C.,
Burgess J. A.,
Lowe A. J.,
Lodge C. J.,
Campbell B.,
Matheson M. C.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
allergy
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.363
H-Index - 173
eISSN - 1398-9995
pISSN - 0105-4538
DOI - 10.1111/all.12454
Subject(s) - atopy , asthma , allergy , gene–environment interaction , medicine , hygiene hypothesis , immunology , environmental health , genetics , gene , biology , genotype
Asthma and allergy may develop as a result of interactions between environmental factors and the genetic characteristics of an individual. This review aims to summarize the available evidence for, and potential effects of, an interaction between polymorphisms of the CD 14 gene and exposure to microbes on the risk of asthma and allergic diseases. We searched PubMed, MEDLINE and Global Health databases, finding 12 articles which met inclusion criteria. Most studies reported a significant interaction between CD 14 polymorphisms and microbial exposure. When stratified by age at microbial exposure (early life vs adult life), there was evidence of a protective effect of gene–environment interaction against atopy in children, but not adults. We also found different effects of interaction depending on the type of microbial exposures. There was no strong evidence for asthma and eczema. Future studies should consider a three‐way interaction between CD 14 gene polymorphisms, microbial exposures and the age of exposure.