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The respiratory microbiome after lung transplantation: Reflection or driver of respiratory disease?
Author(s) -
Eskind Caroline C.,
Shilts Meghan H.,
Shaver Ciara M.,
Das Suman R.,
Satyanarayana Gowri
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
american journal of transplantation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.89
H-Index - 188
eISSN - 1600-6143
pISSN - 1600-6135
DOI - 10.1111/ajt.16568
Subject(s) - microbiome , medicine , lung transplantation , lung , pneumonia , population , transplantation , disease , immunology , intensive care medicine , pathology , bioinformatics , biology , environmental health
With the introduction of high‐throughput sequencing methods, our understanding of the human lower respiratory tract's inhabitants has expanded significantly in recent years. What is now termed the “lung microbiome” has been described for healthy patients, as well as people with chronic lung diseases and lung transplants. The lung microbiome of lung transplant recipients (LTRs) has proven to be unique compared with nontransplant patients, with characteristic findings associated with disease states, such as pneumonia, acute rejection, and graft failure. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the lung microbiome in LTRs, not only focusing on bacteria but also highlighting key findings of the viral and the fungal community. Based on our knowledge of the lung microbiome in LTRs, we propose multiple opportunities for clinical use of the microbiome to improve outcomes in this population.