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Microbiota and immunoregulation: A focus on regulatory B lymphocytes and transplantation
Author(s) -
Pacaud Margaux,
Colas Luc,
Brouard Sophie
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
american journal of transplantation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.89
H-Index - 188
eISSN - 1600-6143
pISSN - 1600-6135
DOI - 10.1111/ajt.16522
Subject(s) - regulatory b cells , immune system , transplantation , immunology , immunity , homeostasis , effector , gut flora , immune tolerance , regulatory t cell , function (biology) , microbiome , regulator , biology , b cell , medicine , microbiology and biotechnology , interleukin 10 , t cell , bioinformatics , antibody , genetics , gene , il 2 receptor , surgery
The microbiota plays a major role in the regulation of the host immune functions thus establishing a symbiotic relationship that maintains immune homeostasis. Among immune cells, regulatory B cells (Bregs), which can inhibit effector T cell responses, may be involved in the intestinal homeostasis. Recent works suggest that the interaction between the microbiota and Bregs appears to be important to limit autoimmune diseases and help to maintain tolerance in transplantation. Short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs), recognized as major metabolites of the microbiota, seem to be involved in the generation of a pro‐tolerogenic environment in the gut, particularly through the regulation of B cell differentiation, limiting mature B cells and promoting the function of Bregs. In this review, we show that this B cells–microbiota interaction may open a path toward new potential therapeutic applications not only for patients with autoimmune diseases but also in transplantation.