Premium
The Role of Neutrophils in Transplanted Organs
Author(s) -
Scozzi D.,
Ibrahim M.,
Menna C.,
Krupnick A. S.,
Kreisel D.,
Gelman A. E.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
american journal of transplantation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.89
H-Index - 188
eISSN - 1600-6143
pISSN - 1600-6135
DOI - 10.1111/ajt.13940
Subject(s) - neutrophilia , alloimmunity , neutrophil extracellular traps , inflammation , effector , microbiology and biotechnology , immunology , chemotaxis , intravital microscopy , medicine , transplantation , immune system , biology , microcirculation , receptor , surgery , radiology
Neutrophils are often viewed as nonspecialized effector cells whose presence is a simple indicator of tissue inflammation. There is new evidence that neutrophils exist in subsets and have specialized effector functions that include extracellular trap generation and the stimulation of angiogenesis. The application of intravital imaging to transplanted organs has revealed novel requirements for neutrophil trafficking into graft tissue and has illuminated direct interactions between neutrophils and other leukocytes that promote alloimmunity. Paradoxically, retaining some neutrophilia may be important to induce or maintain tolerance. Neutrophils can stimulate anti‐inflammatory signals in other phagocytes and release molecules that inhibit T cell activation. In this article, we will review the available evidence of how neutrophils regulate acute and chronic inflammation in transplanted organs and discuss the possibility of targeting these cells to promote tolerance.