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Effect of High‐Intensity Training Versus Moderate Training on Peak Oxygen Uptake and Chronotropic Response in Heart Transplant Recipients: A Randomized Crossover Trial
Author(s) -
Dall C. H.,
Snoer M.,
Christensen S.,
MonkHansen T.,
Frederiksen M.,
Gustafsson F.,
Langberg H.,
Prescott E.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
american journal of transplantation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.89
H-Index - 188
eISSN - 1600-6143
pISSN - 1600-6135
DOI - 10.1111/ajt.12873
Subject(s) - medicine , chronotropic , high intensity interval training , interval training , heart rate , vo2 max , cardiology , crossover study , randomized controlled trial , blood pressure , anesthesia , alternative medicine , pathology , placebo
In heart transplant (HTx) recipients, there has been reluctance to recommend high‐intensity interval training (HIIT) due to denervation and chronotropic impairment of the heart. We compared the effects of 12 weeks' HIIT versus continued moderate exercise (CON) on exercise capacity and chronotropic response in stable HTx recipients >12 months after transplantation in a randomized crossover trial. The study was completed by 16 HTx recipients (mean age 52 years, 75% males). Baseline peak oxygen uptake (VO 2peak ) was 22.9 mL/kg/min. HIIT increased VO 2peak by 4.9 ± 2.7 mL/min/kg (17%) and CON by 2.6 ± 2.2 mL/kg/min (10%) (significantly higher in HIIT; p < 0.001). During HIIT, systolic blood pressure decreased significantly (p = 0.037) with no significant change in CON (p = 0.241; between group difference p = 0.027). Peak heart rate (HR peak ) increased significantly by 4.3 beats per minute (p = 0.014) after HIIT with no significant change in CON (p = 0.34; between group difference p = 0.027). Heart rate recovery (HR recovery ) improved in both groups with a trend toward greater improvement after HIIT. The 5‐month washout showed a significant loss of improvement. HIIT was well tolerated, had a superior effect on oxygen uptake, and led to an unexpected increase in HR peak accompanied by a faster HR recovery . This indicates that the benefits of HIIT are partly a result of improved chronotropic response.