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The pathogenic role of autoantibodies in recurrent pregnancy loss
Author(s) -
D'Ippolito Silvia,
Ticconi Carlo,
Tersigni Chiara,
Garofalo Serafina,
Martino Carmelinda,
Lanzone Antonio,
Scambia Giovanni,
Di Simone Nicoletta
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
american journal of reproductive immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.071
H-Index - 97
eISSN - 1600-0897
pISSN - 1046-7408
DOI - 10.1111/aji.13200
Subject(s) - autoantibody , pregnancy , medicine , antiphospholipid syndrome , early pregnancy loss , immunology , anti thyroid autoantibodies , anti nuclear antibody , antibody , gestation , biology , genetics
In the present manuscript, we review the recent research investigating the pathogenic association between most studied autoantibodies and recurrent pregnancy loss. Pregnancy loss represents a common obstetric complication occurring in about 15%‐25% of all clinically recognized pregnancies. The recurrence of pregnancy loss identifies a distinct clinical entity, that is recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), affecting about 2%‐4% of couples. Several factors, including age, chromosomal abnormalities, uterine anomalies, thrombophilic disorders, endocrinopathies, hormonal and metabolic disorders, infections, sperm quality, and lifestyle issues, are involved in RPL. The role of autoantibodies in RPL is only partially determined. In some cases (antiphospholipid antibodies [aPL]), their involvement is well established. In other cases (anti‐thyroid autoantibodies, antinuclear, anti‐transglutaminase, and anti‐endomysial antibodies), it is still debated, despite multiple, although not fully conclusive, evidences strongly suggest a possible involvement in RPL. Further extensive research is needed to definitively confirm or exclude their actual role.