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Macrophages modulate the growth and differentiation of rhesus monkey embryonic trophoblasts
Author(s) -
Rozner Ann E.,
Durning Maureen,
Kropp Jenna,
Wiepz Gregory J.,
Golos Thaddeus G.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
american journal of reproductive immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.071
H-Index - 97
eISSN - 1600-0897
pISSN - 1046-7408
DOI - 10.1111/aji.12564
Subject(s) - trophoblast , placentation , biology , endometrium , microbiology and biotechnology , embryonic stem cell , embryo , macrophage , andrology , decidual cells , immune system , immunology , in vitro , endocrinology , placenta , medicine , pregnancy , fetus , genetics , gene , biochemistry
Problem Immune cells within the endometrium at implantation are thought to play an important role in implantation, although their exact role is not well understood. Method of study A co‐culture system of rhesus monkey embryos and maternal immune cells was established. Blastocysts obtained by in vitro fertilization were co‐cultured with peripheral blood cells or decidual macrophages. Culture media were collected to assess secretions. Embryo growth was monitored, and trophoblasts were evaluated for proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. Results Embryonic trophoblast outgrowths were visible within 6 days of culture, and the area of embryo outgrowth was reduced when blastocysts were cultured with peripheral‐derived or decidual macrophages. Trophoblast proliferation was not significantly affected with macrophage co‐culture while chorionic gonadotropin secretion was increased. Trophoblast expression of CDH 11 and GJA 1 was increased, suggesting that macrophages accelerate differentiation of peri‐implantation trophoblasts. Conclusions These results indicate an important role of macrophages in placentation and pregnancy success.