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Increased uNK Progenitor Cells in Women With Endometriosis and Infertility are Associated With Low Levels of Endometrial Stem Cell Factor
Author(s) -
Thiruchelvam Uma,
Wingfield Mary,
O'Farrelly Cliona
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
american journal of reproductive immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.071
H-Index - 97
eISSN - 1600-0897
pISSN - 1046-7408
DOI - 10.1111/aji.12486
Subject(s) - endometriosis , infertility , progenitor cell , stem cell , andrology , endometrium , medicine , gynecology , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , pregnancy , genetics
Problem Uterine natural killer ( uNK ) cells play a significant role in successful human pregnancy. Having previously demonstrated uNK cell progenitors in human endometrium, we hypothesized that abnormal uNK cell maturation contributes to infertility in women with endometriosis. We aimed to characterize uNK cells at different developmental stages in women with and without endometriosis and to investigate possible mechanisms to explain any differences. Method of study We characterized uNK cell development in women with and without endometriosis using flow cytometry, protein array and in vitro experiments. Results We found increased proportions of uNK cells at developmental stages 1 and 2 in endometrium from women with endometriosis ( n = 36; mean = 21.2%) when compared with healthy fertile women ( n = 9; mean = 7.0%). Protein array analysis revealed significantly lower levels of stem cell factor ( SCF ) in the eutopic endometrium of women with endometriosis when compared to healthy women. Addition of SCF to endometrial progenitor cells in vitro restored uNK cell maturation. Conclusion We have shown that women with endometriosis have low levels of endometrial SCF , which we hypothesize contributes to abnormal maturation of local uNK cell populations. This defect may also compromise embryo implantation and hence contribute to endometriosis‐associated infertility. SCF replacement may be a new therapeutic approach.