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How to Create an Embryo Penetration Route
Author(s) -
Uchida Hiroshi,
Maruyama Tetsuo,
Masuda Hirotaka,
Uchida Sayaka,
Miki Fumie,
Hihara Hanako,
Katakura Satomi,
Yoshimasa Yushi,
Tanaka Mamoru
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
american journal of reproductive immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.071
H-Index - 97
eISSN - 1600-0897
pISSN - 1046-7408
DOI - 10.1111/aji.12476
Subject(s) - embryo , penetration (warfare) , microbiology and biotechnology , endometrium , biology , stromal cell , andrology , medicine , cancer research , endocrinology , engineering , operations research
Numerous past investigations into human implantation have tended to pay attention to the mechanism of embryo adhesion to endometrial cells or embryo invasion into endometrial stromal tissue. For successful pregnancy, however, embryo penetration through the endometrial epithelial cell ( EEC ) sheet is also absolutely required. To improve the performance of assisted reproductive technology, implantation studies should also focus on EEC dynamics, in particular, the action of EEC s during embryo penetration. Although only EEC apoptosis has been proposed as a mechanism for the formation of the embryo penetration route, we have also recently reported that characteristic EEC collective motion, regulated by the epithelial to mesenchymal transition, also plays a key role in permitting embryo penetration. We review here how EEC s form embryo penetration routes in light of our findings.