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Magnesium Sulfate Increases Intracellular Magnesium Reducing Inflammatory Cytokine Release in Neonates
Author(s) -
SuzukiKakisaka Haruka,
Sugimoto Jun,
Tetarbe Manas,
Romani Andrea M.,
Ramirez Kitchen Christina M.,
Bernstein Helene B.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
american journal of reproductive immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.071
H-Index - 97
eISSN - 1600-0897
pISSN - 1046-7408
DOI - 10.1111/aji.12118
Subject(s) - cytokine , stimulation , tumor necrosis factor alpha , medicine , interleukin 6 , magnesium , peripheral blood mononuclear cell , interleukin 10 , endocrinology , immunology , pharmacology , chemistry , biochemistry , in vitro , organic chemistry
Problem Magnesium sulfate ( MgSO 4 ) exposure reduces the risk of cerebral palsy. As neonatal inflammatory cytokine levels strongly correlate with neurologic outcome, we hypothesize that MgSO 4 decreases inflammatory cytokine production. Method of study We assessed the effect of MgSO 4 on cellular magnesium levels, cytokine production, and release within THP ‐1 and cord blood mononuclear cells. Results MgSO 4 exposure increased intracellular magnesium levels, reducing the frequency of THP ‐1 cells producing IL ‐1β, IL ‐8, and TNF ‐α following LPS stimulation. Significant reductions in the frequency of neonatal monocytes producing TNF ‐α (48%) and IL ‐6 (37%) were seen following LPS stimulation, and MgSO 4 also significantly decreased the frequency of monocytes producing TNF ‐α (35%) under basal conditions. Decreased cytokine production was confirmed via ELISA , demonstrating a sustained effect and dose response. Magnesium also reduced cytokine production following stimulation with TLR ligands representing obstetrical infections (group B S treptococcus and M ycoplasma) and in preterm neonatal monocytes. Conclusion MgSO 4 increases intracellular magnesium, reducing inflammatory cytokine production and release, potentially elucidating the mechanism by which MgSO 4 prevents cerebral palsy, eclampsia, and preterm birth.