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Pathogen Recognition in the Human Female Reproductive Tract: Expression of Intracellular Cytosolic Sensors NOD 1, NOD 2, RIG ‐1, and MDA 5 and response to HIV ‐1 and N eisseria gonorrhea
Author(s) -
Ghosh Mimi,
Shen Zheng,
Fahey John V.,
Crist Sarah G.,
Patel Mickey,
Smith Jennifer M.,
Wira Charles R.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
american journal of reproductive immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.071
H-Index - 97
eISSN - 1600-0897
pISSN - 1046-7408
DOI - 10.1111/aji.12019
Subject(s) - nod , downregulation and upregulation , receptor , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , chemistry , andrology , immunology , medicine , biochemistry , gene
Problem Expression patterns and regulation of cytosolic pattern recognition receptors ( PRR ) NOD ‐1, NOD ‐2, RIG ‐1, and MDA 5 have not been elucidated in the human female reproductive tract ( FRT ). Method of study Primary epithelial cells ( EC ) isolated from F allopian tube ( FT ), endometrium ( EM ), cervix ( C x), and ectocervix ( E cx) were treated with estradiol, poly( I : C ), N eisseria gonorrhea ( GC ), and HIV ‐1. PRR mRNA expressions were analyzed by R eal‐time RT‐PCR . Conditioned media were analyzed for IL ‐8 by ELISA . Results EC from all FRT compartments constitutively expressed NOD 1, NOD 2, RIG ‐1, and MDA 5 with highest levels expressed by FT . Stimulation with poly( I : C ) resulted in upregulation of NOD 2, RIG ‐1, and MDA 5 in all FRT compartments and correlated with increased secretion of IL ‐8, whereas estradiol treatment had no effects. Exposure to GC and HIV ‐1 IIIB but not B a L resulted in selective upregulation of NOD 2 and MDA 5. Conclusion PRR are expressed throughout the FRT and differentially regulated by poly( I : C ), GC and HIV ‐1.