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Evaluation of habitat use and ecological carrying capacity for the reintroduced Eastern black rhinoceros ( Diceros bicornis michaeli ) in Ruma National Park, Kenya
Author(s) -
Oginah Susan Anyango,
Ang’ienda Paul O.,
Onyango Patrick O.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
african journal of ecology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.499
H-Index - 54
eISSN - 1365-2028
pISSN - 0141-6707
DOI - 10.1111/aje.12674
Subject(s) - rhinoceros , national park , habitat , geography , population , ecology , extinction (optical mineralogy) , forestry , biology , demography , paleontology , sociology
We carried out a postrelease evaluation to determine predictors of habitat use and carrying capacity for the black rhinoceros ( Diceros bicornis michaeli) , which are critical for monitoring how the Ruma National Park sub‐population may contribute to Kenya's meta‐population strategy. We determined whether level of elevation, rockiness, shade, distance to fence, roads, and human settlements predict habitat use, differences in habitat and diet preference between female and male black rhinoceros, and the ecological carrying capacity (CC) of black rhinoceros in the park. We used standard ecological methods to collect data on predictors of habitat use, habitat preference and to estimate CC. Results show, first, that none of the environmental and anthropogenic factors evaluated predicted habitat use by black rhinoceros in the park. Second, although there was no significant difference in habitat preference between the sexes (U = 16.50, p = 0.306), there was a 60% difference in Jaccard's dissimilarity in diet selection between the sexes. Third, the park can support 65 black rhinoceros. Altogether, the findings suggest that the park has potential to support other sub‐populations in Kenya. We recommend that future similar studies should incorporate population viability analysis and a community‐based approach to forecast the species health and extinction risk.