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Adults with a more extensive body involvement, moderate to extremely severe vitiligo and a prolonged clinical course have an early onset in childhood in addition to other prognostic factors as compared to individuals with later‐onset vitiligo
Author(s) -
Mahajan Vikram K,
Verma Yog Raj,
Mehta Karaninder S,
Chauhan Pushpinder Singh,
Sharma Reena,
Sharma Anuj,
Sharma Hitender,
Rana Ashwani
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
australasian journal of dermatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.67
H-Index - 53
eISSN - 1440-0960
pISSN - 0004-8380
DOI - 10.1111/ajd.13417
Subject(s) - vitiligo , medicine , age of onset , family history , dermatology , disease , odds ratio , young adult , pediatrics
Background The extent and disease severity, duration and other associated prognostic cofactors in vitiligo in adults may vary with the age of onset (before or after 10 years of age). Objectives To compare extent and disease severity, duration and other cofactors in adults with early‐onset and late‐onset vitiligo. Methods The medical records of 408 (M:F 1:1.1) adults aged 20‒75 years diagnosed with vitiligo between January 2016 and December 2019 were examined retrospectively. The extent and severity of vitiligo were defined. Characteristics of vitiligo with early onset and late onset were compared statistically and odds ratios calculated for risk assessment. Results 31 (7.6%, M:F 1:2.4) patients had early‐onset vitiligo, and 377 (92.4%, M:F 0.8:1) patients had later‐onset vitiligo. Compared to late onset, patients with early‐onset vitiligo had a significant number of males (71% vs 45.9%), higher percentages of body surface area involvement and moderate to extremely severe disease (29% vs 10.6%), longer duration of disease (41.9% vs 9%), Koebner’s phenomenon (48.4% vs 15.6%) and halo nevus (9.7% vs 1.9%). Differences between the two groups were not significant for types of vitiligo, family history of vitiligo and presence of cutaneous and systemic/autoimmune diseases. Conclusion The adults, males in particular, with generalised vitiligo (>10% BSA involvement) appear to have an early onset and a prolonged clinical course. The presence of Koebner’s phenomenon and halo nevus in patients with early‐onset vitiligo was other poor prognostic factors compared to patients with late‐onset vitiligo. The retrospective, hospital‐based cross‐sectional design and small sample size for stratification remain major limitations.