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N ‐acetyltransferase 2 gene polymorphism as a biomarker for susceptibility to bladder cancer in Bangladeshi population
Author(s) -
Hosen Md. Bayejid,
Islam Jahidul,
Salam Md. Abdus,
Islam Md. Fakhrul,
Hawlader M Zakir Hossain,
Kabir Yearul
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
asia‐pacific journal of clinical oncology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.73
H-Index - 29
eISSN - 1743-7563
pISSN - 1743-7555
DOI - 10.1111/ajco.12291
Subject(s) - odds ratio , bladder cancer , genotype , confidence interval , population , oncology , medicine , cancer , single nucleotide polymorphism , case control study , gastroenterology , biology , genetics , gene , environmental health
Aim To investigate the association between the three most common single nucleotide polymorphisms of the N ‐acetyltransferase 2 gene together with cigarette smoking and the risk of developing bladder cancer and its aggressiveness. Methods A case‐control study on 102 bladder cancer patients and 140 control subjects was conducted. The genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral white blood cells and N ‐acetyltransferase 2 alleles were differentiated by polymerase chain reaction‐based restriction fragment length polymorphism methods. Results Bladder cancer risk was estimated as odds ratio and 95% confidence interval using binary logistic regression models adjusting for age and gender. Overall, N ‐acetyltransferase 2 slow genotypes were associated with bladder cancer risk (odds ratio = 4.45; 95% confidence interval = 2.26–8.77). The cigarette smokers with slow genotypes were found to have a sixfold increased risk to develop bladder cancer (odds ratio = 6.05; 95% confidence interval = 2.23–15.82). Patients with slow acetylating genotypes were more prone to develop high‐grade (odds ratio = 6.63; 95% confidence interval = 1.15–38.13; P < 0.05) and invasive (odds ratio = 10.6; 95% confidence interval = 1.00–111.5; P = 0.05) tumor. Conclusion N ‐acetyltransferase 2 slow genotype together with tobacco smoking increases bladder cancer risk. Patients with N ‐acetyltransferase 2 slow genotypes were more likely to develop a high‐grade and invasive tumor. N ‐acetyltransferase 2 slow genotype is an important genetic determinant for bladder cancer in Bangladesh population.