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Interleukin‐6 gene‐174 G / C promoter polymorphism and its association with clinical profile of patients with multiple myeloma
Author(s) -
Chakraborty Baidarbhi,
Vishnoi Gaurav,
Gowda Srinivas H,
Goswami Binita
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
asia‐pacific journal of clinical oncology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.73
H-Index - 29
eISSN - 1743-7563
pISSN - 1743-7555
DOI - 10.1111/ajco.12290
Subject(s) - genotype , cytosine , microbiology and biotechnology , multiple myeloma , medicine , polymerase chain reaction , interleukin 6 , gene polymorphism , gastroenterology , biology , promoter , gene , interleukin , immunology , gene expression , cytokine , genetics
Aim In multiple myeloma ( MM ), the growth and survival of myeloma cells is controlled by interleukin‐6 ( IL ‐6), the plasma levels of which is controlled by a guanine/cytosine substitution occurring in position ‐174 of IL ‐6 gene promoter region. We studied the occurrence of IL ‐6‐174 G / C polymorphism in patients of MM and correlated the presence of genotypes with serum IL ‐6 levels and tumor staging. Methods One hundred three patients with MM and 117 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls were staged by International Staging System. IL ‐6 genotypes were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction and restriction enzyme analysis. Serum levels of IL ‐6 were assessed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Results Frequency of GG , GC and CC genotypes did not differ significantly between cases ( GG 52%, GC 40%, CC 9%) and controls. The median serum level of IL ‐6 was significantly higher among the GC genotype versus other genotypes (24 ng/mL, P = 0.007) as compared with the GG versus other genotypes (12 ng/mL, P = 0.001). GC was associated more with stage 3 disease (27%) than was GG (11%) or CC (22% P = 0.001). Conclusions At position 174 of the IL‐6 promoter, patients with GC genotype had higher serum levels of IL ‐6 and presented with more severe disease compared with patients with GG or CC genotype.