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Differential expression of CYB 5A in Chinese and European pig breeds due to genetic variations in the promoter region
Author(s) -
Bai Y.,
Zhang J. B.,
Xue Y.,
Peng Y. L.,
Chen G.,
Fang M. Y.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
animal genetics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.756
H-Index - 81
eISSN - 1365-2052
pISSN - 0268-9146
DOI - 10.1111/age.12257
Subject(s) - biology , haplotype , genetics , microbiology and biotechnology , promoter , gene , single nucleotide polymorphism , korean native , gene expression , genotype , ecology
Summary Cytochrome b5 ( CYB 5A) is an important electron transfer protein with homologues in a number of different organisms. In pigs, CYB 5A is related to boar taint because of its role in androstenone biosynthesis. To determine the variety of CYB 5A expression in pig breeds, genetic variations in the porcine CYB 5A promoter region in both Chinese and European pig breeds were examined. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms ( NC _010443.4:g.165901487delG, g.165901767T>C and g.165902078C>T) were identified in the porcine CYB 5A promoter region. These SNP s occurred in different frequencies in Chinese and European pigs. Chinese pigs were primarily haplotype B (denoted as delG‐C‐T: the position of nt 165901487 of the CYB 5 gene is a G deletion, nt 165901767 is C and nt 165902078 is T), except for Licha black pigs, which were primarily haplotype A (denoted as G‐T‐C: nt 165901487 is G, nt 165901767 is T and nt 165902078 is C), similar to European pigs. Quantitative PCR data from liver tissues demonstrated that haplotype B individuals had higher CYB 5A expression than did those with haplotype A. This was confirmed by in vitro cell transfection assays, in which haplotype B individuals had higher reporter activity than did those with haplotype A. In silico analysis predicted that Myc‐associated zinc‐finger protein ( MAZ ) is a potential transcription factor at position 165901767. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed this polymorphism affects the stable binding of transcription factors to the CYB 5A promoter, which in turn affects the expression levels of this gene. Therefore, this variation of the porcine CYB 5A promoter region may explain the differences in androstenone accumulation between Chinese and European pig breeds and may also prove useful as a genetic marker to distinguish the origin of different pig breeds.