Premium
Systematics of the Neotropical species of the crabronid wasp genus Psenulus Kohl, 1897 (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae), with a contribution to the worldwide phylogeny of the genus
Author(s) -
Rosa Brunno B,
Melo Gabriel A R
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
austral entomology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.502
H-Index - 39
eISSN - 2052-1758
pISSN - 2052-174X
DOI - 10.1111/aen.12487
Subject(s) - biology , zoology , systematics , monophyly , clade , genus , identification key , hymenoptera , taxonomy (biology) , phylogenetic tree , ecology , biochemistry , gene
The genus Psenulus Kohl, 1897 is the largest in Pemphredoninae, with about 161 described species. In contrast to several groups of Crabronidae, especially to other Pemphredoninae, Psenulus is underrepresented in the Neotropical region, with only three described species: Psenulus aztecus Bohart & Grissell, 1969, P. improvisus van Lith, 1978 and P. mayorum Bohart & Grissell, 1969. The Neotropical species of Psenulus are revised, and nine new species are described: P. amazonicus sp. nov. , P. auropilosus sp. nov. , P. brasiliensis sp. nov. , P. dispar sp. nov. , P. flavipes sp. nov. , P. mexicanus sp. nov. , P. rafaeli sp. nov. , P. silveirai sp. nov. and P. similis sp. nov. We also provide an identification key, descriptions of new species, redescriptions of previously described species, distribution maps and illustrations of external morphology. The first phylogenetic study of the genus Psenulus is based on 23 terminals (4 Psenini outgroup and 19 Psenulus species) and 55 morphological characters. Two monophyletic groups were recovered: a Nearctic + Palearctic clade and a Neotropical clade. Additionally, a closer relationship between the Neotropical clade and the Afrotropical and Oriental species included in this analysis is recognized.