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Responses of fruit flies ( T ephritidae: D acinae) to novel male attractants in north Q ueensland, A ustralia, and improved lures for some pest species
Author(s) -
Royer Jane E
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
austral entomology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.502
H-Index - 39
eISSN - 2052-1758
pISSN - 2052-174X
DOI - 10.1111/aen.12141
Subject(s) - isoeugenol , pest analysis , methyl eugenol , biology , eugenol , botany , chemistry , tephritidae , organic chemistry
Male fruit fly attractants, cue‐lure and methyl eugenol ( ME ), have been successfully used for the last 50 years in the monitoring and control of D acini fruit flies ( B actrocera and D acus species). However, over 50% of D acini are non‐responsive to either lure, including some pest species. A new lure, zingerone, has been found to weakly attract cue‐ and ME ‐responsive species in M alaysia. In A ustralia it attracted a weakly cue‐responsive minor pest B actrocera jarvisi ( T ryon) and three ‘non‐responsive’ species. Similar compounds were tested in Q ueensland and attracted cue‐ and ME ‐responsive species and two ‘non‐responsive’ species. In this study, 14 novel compounds, including raspberry ketone formate ( RKF ) ( M elolure) and zingerone, were field tested in comparison with cue‐lure and ME at 17 sites in north Q ueensland. The most attractive novel lures were isoeugenol, methyl‐isoeugenol, dihydroeugenol and zingerone. Several ‘non‐responsive’ species responded to the new lures: B actrocera halfordiae ( T ryon), a species of some market access concern, was most attracted to isoeugenol; B . barringtoniae ( T ryon), B . bidentata ( M ay) and B . murrayi ( P erkins) responded to isoeugenol, methyl‐isoeugenol and dihydroeugenol; two new species of D acus responded to zingerone. B actrocera kraussi ( H ardy), a cue‐responsive minor pest in north Q ueensland, was significantly more attracted to isoeugenol than cue‐lure. The cue‐responsive D . absonifacies ( M ay) and D . secamoneae D rew were significantly more attracted to zingerone than cue‐lure. B actrocera yorkensis D rew & H ancock, a ME ‐responsive species was significantly more attracted to isoeugenol, methyl‐isoeugenol and dihydroeugenol than ME . The preferential response to RKF or cue‐lure was species specific. Six species were significantly more attracted to RKF , including the pests B . tryoni ( F roggatt), B . frauenfeldi ( S chiner) and minor pest B . bryoniae ( T ryon); eight species were significantly more attracted to cue‐lure including the pest B . neohumeralis ( H ardy). These findings have significance in the search for optimal male lures for pest species elsewhere in the world.