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Effect of synbiotics in the treatment of smokers and non‐smokers with gingivitis: randomized controlled trial
Author(s) -
Ercan N,
Olgun E,
Kisa Ü,
Yalim M
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
australian dental journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.701
H-Index - 71
eISSN - 1834-7819
pISSN - 0045-0421
DOI - 10.1111/adj.12755
Subject(s) - medicine , gingivitis , placebo , gastroenterology , subclinical infection , randomized controlled trial , synbiotics , dentistry , probiotic , alternative medicine , pathology , biology , bacteria , genetics
Background To evaluate the efficacy of synbiotic tablets on the clinical and biochemical parameters of smokers and non‐smokers with gingivitis. Methods Eighty patients with gingivitis [40 smokers (+), 40 non‐smokers (−)] were randomly assigned to test (T) or control (C) groups. Four groups were defined: T(+), T(−), C(+) and C(−). The subjects daily chewed a synbiotic or placebo tablet for 30 days. The gingival crevicular fluid levels of interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐8 and IL‐10 were determined as the primary outcome variables. Results The clinical and biochemical parameters for all groups significantly reduced compared with the baseline ( P < 0.05). While there were no significant differences between the groups for gingival index, the plaque index was significantly higher in both smoker groups than that in the T(−) group during the second month ( P < 0.05). IL‐8 levels in C(−) and IL‐6 levels in both control groups were significantly higher than those in the T(+) group. The IL‐10 levels in both control groups were significantly higher than those in the T(−) group during the second month ( P < 0.05). Conclusions Adjunctive synbiotic tablets significantly reduce subclinical therapeutic outcomes for both smokers and non‐smokers compared with placebo according to the biochemical parameters.