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Passengers at risk: a multi‐level analysis of the decision to travel with a drunk driver
Author(s) -
NazifMuñoz José Ignacio,
BlankGomel Aharon
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
addiction
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.424
H-Index - 193
eISSN - 1360-0443
pISSN - 0965-2140
DOI - 10.1111/add.13745
Subject(s) - drunk driving , drunk drivers , poison control , injury prevention , suicide prevention , human factors and ergonomics , environmental health , psychology , medicine , advertising , business
Aims To assess the impact of demographic, intrapersonal and environmental factors on the likelihood in Chile of becoming a passenger of an alcohol‐impaired driver (PAID). Design Multi‐level cross‐sectional study. Setting Data were acquired from two large‐scale household surveys of representative samples of Chile's Metropolitan Region. Participants The study included 1341 individuals ≥ 16 years; 696 of them reported engaging in PAID. Measurement The primary outcome was self‐reported frequencies of having accepted a ride with an alcohol‐impaired driver. Findings PAID was associated significantly with ‘age’ [odds ratio (OR) = 0.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.98–0.99, P = 0.03], ‘traffic safety beliefs’ (OR = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.078–0.44, P = 0.00), ‘time exposure as passenger’ (OR = 1.00, 95% CI = 1.00–1.01, P = 0.00) and ‘sex’ (OR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.53–0.87, P = 0.00). In women, PAID was associated with ‘age’ (OR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.97–0.99, P = 0.02), ‘traffic safety beliefs’ (OR = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.05–0.59, P = 0.00) and ‘low quality of public bus stops’ (OR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.98–0.99, P = 0.01). Younger women with high education levels were more likely to engage in PAID than younger women with low education levels. In men, PAID was associated with ‘traffic safety beliefs’ (OR = 0.13, 95% CI = 0.02–0.63, P = 0.01) and ‘time exposure as passenger’ (OR = 1.00, 95% CI = 1.00–1.01, P = 0.02). Conclusions In Chile, men are at higher risk of becoming a passenger of an alcohol‐impaired driver (PAID) than women. In women, PAID appears to be associated with lower traffic safety beliefs, lower quality of public bus stations and an interaction between education and age. In men, PAID is associated with lower traffic safety beliefs and higher time exposure as passenger.