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Characterization of white matter integrity deficits in cocaine‐dependent individuals with substance‐induced psychosis compared with non‐psychotic cocaine users
Author(s) -
Willi Taylor S.,
Barr Alasdair M.,
Gicas Kristina,
Lang Donna J.,
VilaRodriguez Fidel,
Su Wayne,
Thornton Allen E.,
Leonova Olga,
Giesbrecht Chantelle J.,
Procyshyn Ric M.,
Rauscher Alexander,
MacEwan William G.,
Honer William G.,
Panenka William J.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
addiction biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.445
H-Index - 78
eISSN - 1369-1600
pISSN - 1355-6215
DOI - 10.1111/adb.12363
Subject(s) - white matter , psychosis , fractional anisotropy , diffusion mri , psychology , corpus callosum , schizophrenia (object oriented programming) , neuroscience , corona radiata (embryology) , voxel , medicine , psychiatry , magnetic resonance imaging , ovarian follicle , hormone , cumulus oophorus , radiology
With sufficient drug exposure, some individuals develop transient psychotic symptoms referred to as ‘substance‐induced psychosis’ (SIP), which closely resemble the symptoms observed in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. The comparability in psychotic presentation between SIP and the schizophrenias suggests that similar underlying neural deficits may contribute to the emergence of psychosis across these disorders. Only a small number of studies have investigated structural alterations in SIP, and all have been limited to volumetric imaging methods, with none controlling for the effects of chronic drug exposure. To investigate white matter abnormalities associated with SIP, diffusion tensor imaging was employed in a group of individuals with cocaine‐associated psychosis (CAP; n = 24) and a cocaine‐dependent non‐psychotic (CDN) group ( n = 43). Tract‐based spatial statistics was used to investigate group differences in white matter diffusion parameters. The CAP group showed significantly lower fractional anisotropy values than the CDN group ( p < 0.05) in voxels within white matter tracts of fronto‐temporal, fronto‐thalamic and interhemispheric pathways. The greatest differences in white matter integrity were present in the corpus callosum, corona radiata, bilateral superior longitudinal fasciculi and bilateral inferior longitudinal fasciculi. Additionally, the CAP group had voxels of significantly higher radial diffusivity in a subset of the previously mentioned pathways. These results are the first description of white matter integrity abnormalities in a SIP sample and indicate that differences in these pathways may be a shared factor in the expression of different forms of psychosis.