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Tobacco particulate matter self‐administration in rats: differential effects of tobacco type
Author(s) -
Brennan Katharine A.,
Crowther Alex,
Putt Fraser,
Roper Vicky,
Waterhouse Uta,
Truman Penelope
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
addiction biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.445
H-Index - 78
eISSN - 1369-1600
pISSN - 1355-6215
DOI - 10.1111/adb.12099
Subject(s) - nicotine , self administration , abuse liability , pharmacology , nicotinic agonist , addiction , medicine , tobacco smoke , toxicology , drug , anesthesia , psychiatry , environmental health , biology , receptor
Nicotine self‐administration in rats is the most widely used animal model of tobacco dependence. There is increasing evidence, however, that non‐nicotinic constituents in smoke contribute to addiction and that different tobacco products contain varying levels of these constituents. The present study firstly sought to compare self‐administration of pure nicotine to tobacco particulate matter ( TPM ) to determine if there were differences in reward‐efficacy attributable to the non‐nicotine constituents. Secondly, cigarette and roll‐your‐own ( RYO ) TPM groups were included and compared to determine whether different formulations of non‐nicotinic constituents could impact reward. Briefly, male S prague D awley rats were implanted with indwelling jugular catheters for self‐administration ( n = 76). The reinforcing efficacy of infusions of nicotine (0.0 or 30.0 μg/kg/infusion) versus cigarette/ RYO TPM (with matched nicotine content) was determined using spontaneous acquisition of self‐administration on a fixed ratio schedule. The progressive ratio schedule was then employed to determine the motivation to receive each drug and within‐subject dose–response curves were also produced (7.5, 15.0, 30.0 and 60.0 μg/kg/infusion nicotine). The main finding was that the RYO TPM was more reinforcing and produced a different profile of reward‐related behaviour compared with both the nicotine and the cigarette TPM groups. The conclusions were that non‐nicotinic components have a role in tobacco dependence and that some tobacco products could have higher abuse liability, irrespective of nicotine levels.