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Relationships between mixed features and borderline personality disorder in 2811 patients with major depressive episode
Author(s) -
Perugi G.,
Angst J.,
Azorin J.M.,
Bowden C. L.,
Caciagli A.,
Mosolov S.,
Vieta E.,
Young A. H.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
acta psychiatrica scandinavica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.849
H-Index - 146
eISSN - 1600-0447
pISSN - 0001-690X
DOI - 10.1111/acps.12457
Subject(s) - psychology , borderline personality disorder , personality , clinical psychology , psychiatry , social psychology
Objective The study focused on the relationship between mixed depression and borderline personality disorder ( BPD ). Method The sample comprised 2811 patients with a major depressive episode ( MDE ). Clinical characteristics were compared in patients with ( BPD +) and without ( BPD −) comorbid BPD and in BPD + with ( MXS +) and without ( MXS −) mixed features according to DSM ‐5 criteria. Results A total of 187 patients (6.7%) met the criteria for BPD . A DSM ‐ IV ‐ TR diagnosis of bipolar disorder ( BD ) was significantly more frequent in patients with BPD + than in patients with BPD . Patients with BPD+ were significantly younger and reported lower age at onset than BPD −. Patients with BPD+ also showed more hypomania/mania in first‐degree relatives in comparison with patients with BPD −, as well as more psychiatric comorbidity, mixed features, atypical features, suicide attempts, prior mood episodes and antidepressant‐induced hypo/manic switches. Mixed features according to DSM ‐5 criteria were observed in 52 (27.8%) BPD +. In comparison with MXS −, MXS + were significantly younger at age of onset and at prior mood episode and had experienced more mood episodes and hypo/manic switches with antidepressant treatments. Conclusion Major depressive episode patients with comorbid BPD reported a high prevalence of mixed features and BD . The presence of DSM ‐5 mixed features in MDE patients with BPD may be associated with complex course and reduced treatment response.